Well, its this guy right here..
Anyways, he contributed a lot to chemistry and our understanding of atoms. One of them is creating the Bohr model, which is a diagram of the atom showing that electrons orbit around the nucleus in the center.
When electrons absorb energy, they are capable of jumping up to a higher orbital/shell.
But when electrons move from a higher shell to a lower one, they release energy as a photon of light, which is then emitted from the atom.
The strength of the energy causes an atom to have different colours from each other or in other words, they create their own spectra of light.
Now it's time to learn how to draw your very own Bohr model, yay!
1. Figure out how many protons and neutrons there are in the element. As an example we'll use Sodium. To find out how many protons there are, look at your periodic table and find Sodium. Then look at the atomic number and you've found the protons! Now for the neutrons, you just have to subtract the amount of protons from the atomic mass and voila! (Round up to the nearest whole number)
2. Now that you've found the number of neutrons and protons, write it in the middle to represent the nucleus. Instead of writing the full word out though, just write "p" as proton and "n" as neutron.
3. Then you find the number of electrons. In this case it's 11. Now that we know that, we can draw the orbitals around the nucleus. Each shell has a maximum amount of electrons it can hold. The first one (closest to the nucleus) can hold a maximum of 2. The second a maximum of 8. The third one can hold a maximum of 8-18 and so on. Also, when drawing the electrons, they should form 4 groups of 2 around the nucleus. So it should look a little something like this:
Thanks for reading. I hope you understand everything >.> and if you don't, then for further (probably better) explanation, watch this video :)
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=iih6rJ2S6pk
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